10 décembre 2018 | International, Terrestre

La Russie devient le deuxième producteur d’armes au monde

Le Monde avec AFP

La Russie s'est hissée au deuxième rang des pays producteurs d'armes en 2017 derrière les Etats-Unis, une place jusque-là occupée par le Royaume-Uni, selon un rapport de l'Institut de recherche sur la paix internationale de Stockholm (Sipri) publié lundi 10 décembre.

« Les entreprises russes connaissent une croissance significative de leurs ventes d'armes depuis 2011 », a expliqué le chercheur Siemon Wezeman, dans un communiqué. Elles représentaient 9,5 % des ventes des cent plus gros producteurs mondiaux en 2017 avec un chiffre d'affaires de 37,7 milliards de dollars (33 milliards d'euros), en progression de 8,5 % par rapport à 2016, selon le rapport.

« Ceci est conforme à l'augmentation des dépenses de la Russie en matière d'achat d'armes pour moderniser ses forces armées », a ajouté le chercheur. En septembre, le pays a par ailleurs conduit les plus vastes manœuvres militaires de son histoire en Extrême-Orient, dénoncées par l'Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord (OTAN) comme la répétition d'un « conflit de grande ampleur ».

Les Etats-Unis largement en tête

La deuxième place du classement était occupée, depuis 2002, par le Royaume-Uni, rétrogradé au troisième rang (9 % de la production mondiale). La France conserve la quatrième place (5,3 % de la production) et les Etats-Unis restent largement en tête.

A eux seuls, les producteurs américains représentaient 57 % du total des ventes mondiales en 2017, avec quarante-deux entreprises dans le top 100 pour un chiffre d'affaires cumulé de 226,6 milliards de dollars (environ 198 milliards d'euros).

« Les entreprises américaines bénéficient directement de la demande constante d'armes du ministère de la défense [des Etats-Unis] », a expliqué Aude Fleurant, directrice du programme de recherche sur l'armement et les dépenses militaires.

article complet: https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2018/12/10/la-russie-devient-le-deuxieme-producteur-d-armes-au-monde_5394967_3210.html

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