6 mai 2019 | International, Aérospatial

Vente d'armes : Airbus envisage de porter plainte contre Berlin

Par Bruno TREVIDIC

La décision du gouvernement allemand de suspendre les exportations d'armes à l'Arabie saoudite a déjà coûté à Airbus plus de 190 millions d'euros.

L'embargo allemand sur les ventes d'armes à l'Arabie saoudite a coûté très cher à Airbus et le groupe d'aéronautique et défense envisage désormais de présenter la facture à Berlin. Selon un article du « Spiegel » publié vendredi, Airbus envisagerait de porter plainte devant les tribunaux allemands, contre la décision du gouvernement fédéral. « Nous nous réservons la possibilité d'engager un recours », a confirmé un porte-parole du groupe.

Un impact de 190 millions d'euros

Lors de la présentation des résultats du premier trimestre , le 30 avril, les dirigeants d'Airbus avaient chiffré à 190 millions d'euros, l'impact financier de la suspension des licences d'exportation de matériel militaire à l'Arabie saoudite. Une somme à laquelle s'ajouterait une partie des 83 millions d'euros « liés à l'écart de comptabilisation des paiements avant livraisons et aux réévaluations bilancielles ». De quoi expliquer partiellement la forte baisse du résultat net d'Airbus au premier trimestre.

Un contrat de 2,5 milliards d'euros

Pour le groupe européen, la potion est d'autant plus amère que le principal contrat avec l'Arabie saoudite visé par cet embargo allemand ne porte pas véritablement sur des ventes d'armes. Il s'agit d'un contrat signé dès 2009 pour un système complet de sécurisation des 9.000 km de frontières du royaume, associant tous les moyens de détection et de surveillance, d'une valeur totale d'environ 2,5 milliards d'euros, et qui devait être partiellement fabriqué sur le site Airbus de Donauwörth, près de Munich. D'où l'envie d'aller en contester la légalité devant les tribunaux allemands.

Exportations impopulaires

Toutefois d'autres programmes militaires auxquels le groupe Airbus participe sont également concernés par le gel des exportations d'armes à Ryad, parmi lesquelles les avions de combat Eurofighter Typhoon, l'avion de ravitaillement en vol A330 MRTT, des hélicoptères, des missiles MBDA... A tel point que plusieurs des partenaires européens de l'Allemagne, au premier rang desquels la France , se sont émus de cette situation. Sans effet jusqu'à présent sur le gouvernement d'Angela Merkel, qui sait l'impopularité des ventes d'armes au sein de son opinion publique.

La décision de Berlin de stopper les ventes d'armes à l'Arabie saoudite avait été annoncée en octobre dernier, suite à l'émotion suscitée par l'assassinat du journaliste Jamal Khashoggi au consulat d'Arabie saoudite à Istanbul. A l'époque, Berlin avait toutefois évoqué une mesure provisoire. Mais depuis, ce moratoire a déjà été prolongé à trois reprises, rendant de plus en plus improbable la réalisation des contrats.

Bruno Trévidic

https://www.lesechos.fr/industrie-services/air-defense/vente-darmes-airbus-envisage-de-porter-plainte-contre-berlin-1016128

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