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  • Vers une commande massive de F-16 Block 70/72 par le Pentagone ? Lockheed perd... et gagne

    8 février 2021 | International, Aérospatial

    Vers une commande massive de F-16 Block 70/72 par le Pentagone ? Lockheed perd... et gagne

    Yannick Genty-Boudry Alors que le Pentagone n'a eu de cesse d'expliquer que les avions de 4e génération étaient dépassés, il semble que ceux-ci n'ont pas dit leur dernier mot. A l'instar du F-15EX qui a effectué son premier vol le 2 février 2021, le F-16 dans sa nouvelle version Block 70/72, attire de nouveau l'œil des aviateurs américains. LE F-35 DANS L'IMPASSE Plus de 47 ans après son premier vol (2 février 1974) le F-16, qui équipe plus de 29 forces aériennes dans le monde et a été produit à plus de 4588 appareils, pourrait connaitre une nouvelle carrière au sein de l'US Air Force. Et ce plus de 16 ans après la livraison du dernier appareil. En effet, son remplaçant programmé, le F-35 accumule les échecs et les retards, avec 871 défaillances selon les auditeurs du Pentagone. Une situation qui provoque l'explosion des coûts d'exploitation, au point que l'US Air Force envisagerait de réduire sa commande à 1050 appareils au lieu des 1765 prévus. EN ATTENDANT LE NGAD Aussi pour ne pas pénaliser son ordre de bataille, les Américains sont en quête de solutions palliatives au F-35. A savoir des aéronefs fiables, aux coûts maitrisés et à l'architecture ouverte en attendant l'arrivée à partir de 2040-50 de l'avion de 6e génération, le NGAD (Next Generation Air Dominance), qui vient d'effectuer ses premiers essais. C'est la même logique qui a présidé au programme F-15EX dans le domaine de la supériorité aérienne, pour suppléer au faible nombre de F-22 en service. SOLUTION SUR ETAGERE Et il s'avère que Lockheed et ses équipementiers General Dynamics et Northrop poussent progressivement le Pentagone vers l'acquisition d'une nouvelle version F-16 Block 70/72, destinée à l'origine aux marchés exports (neuf et modernisation), au moment où le budget 2021 prévoit une enveloppe de 56,9 G$ pour l'acquisition d'avions de combat. D'ailleurs les marchés anticipent d'ores et déjà la hausse du titre des industriels concernés. Produit depuis novembre 2019 à Greenville, et après plusieurs succès commerciaux (Taiwan, Bahrein ...), le F-16 Block 70/72 intègre plusieurs technologies directement empruntées aux appareils de cinquième génération. Comme le radar AESA APG-83 SABR (dérivé de l'APG-77 du F-22, et de l'APG-81 du F-35) qui équipe également les B1-B modernisés, et les F/A-18C des Marines basés à Miramar. Mais il dispose également de nouvelles aérostructures à la furtivité accrue (réservoirs conformes), d'un nouveau système de guerre électronique apte au combat collaboratif, et d'une avionique offrant des fonctionnalités de fusion de données (radar, pod de désignation) pour l'attaque au sol, avec le Center Pedestal Display (CPD). Cette version qui permettrait donc d'intégrer des capacités de 5e génération sur des appareils de 4e génération, à l'image du prochain standard F4 du Rafale de Dassault, intéresse de plus en plus l'état-major américain, en quête d'un aéronef omni rôle capable de soutenir efficacement et à bas couts les forces américaines alors que Russes et surtout Chinois se sont engagés dans une stratégie d'attaque par saturation et de systèmes de contre furtivité, pour déborder les F-22 et les F-35. https://www.air-cosmos.com/article/vers-une-commande-massive-de-f-16-block-70-72-par-le-pentagone-lockheed-perd-et-gagne-24173

  • Esper: F-35 Won’t Hit 80% Readiness, Cites Stealth Parts

    19 juillet 2019 | International, Aérospatial

    Esper: F-35 Won’t Hit 80% Readiness, Cites Stealth Parts

    By COLIN CLARK WASHINGTON: Presumptive Defense Secretary Mark Esper says flatly the F-35 “is not expected” to meet the 80 percent readiness goal set for it this year because of problems with a cockpit part that improves stealth performance. “Transparency (canopy) supply shortages continue to be the main obstacle to achieving this. We are seeking additional sources to fix unserviceable canopies,” Esper said in response to written questions from the Senate Armed Services Committe (SASC). The Government Accountability Office (GAO) mentioned the canopy issue in a recent report, calling it a “special coating on the F-35 canopy that enables the aircraft to maintain its stealth.” That, the congressional watchdog said. “failed more frequently than expected” so F-35 prime contractor Lockheed Martin went looking for more manufactures to produce enough canopies to meet demands. GAO also said the F-35 program was considering a new design. This is all apiece with the general problem the F-35 program has had with obtaining new and spare parts. “A key contributor to spare parts shortages is the F-35 program's limited capacity to repair broken parts,” the GAO says in its April report. “The average time to repair an F-35 part was more than 6 months, or about 188 days for repairs completed between September and November 2018—more than twice that of the program's objective of 60-90 days.” Lockheed late last night sent comments on the transparency and its general efforts to improve F-35 readiness. UPDATE BEGINS “We are working closely with our F-35 transparency provider to build production and repair capacity and we are standing up a second source of supply. As these actions deliver results, we expect to improve supply availability and overall fleet readiness,” F-35 program spokesman Mike Friedman said, “We continue to see improvements in F-35 readiness rates and are receiving positive feedback from our customers, most recently from the Air Force who have several squadrons simultaneously deployed in the Middle East and across Europe for joint exercises and operations,” Friedman added. “Newer F-35 aircraft are averaging greater than 60 percent mission capable rates, with some operational squadrons consistently at or above 70 percent. We're taking aggressive action across the full F-35 enterprise to achieve the 80 percent mission capable rate target as soon as possible.”UPDATE ENDS As the SASC noted, former Defense Secretary Jim Mattis ordered the Air Force and Navy to increase mission capable rates for the F-35, F-22, F-16, and F-18 inventories to above 80 percent by the end of September 2019. “What progress,” the committee asked in the written questions, “has the Department made in increasing mission capable rates and decreasing costs for all four platforms?” The good news for the Air Force is that F-16 rates are better because the service has been able to increase parts supplies and add maintenance shifts. The F-16 fleet is expected to meet the 80 percent goal this year, Esper wrote. Not so, the F-22. It too faces stealth maintenance issue, made worse, Esper noted, “by the extreme damage at Tyndall Air Force Base from the effects of Hurricane Michael.” The F-22 fleet rates are improving but it probably won't make 80 percent this year. Oh, and Congress: “Improving mission capable rates for both fleets required additional funding investment for this fiscal year.” The Navy's fleet of F-18 is on track to meet the goal by September 2019. The Navy created a Maintenance Operations Center (MOC) to coordinate maintenance activities and optimize resources and reformed its depot and front-line maintenance process, thus improving regular inspections. Among a host of other changes, the Navy implemented supply chain reform that made it easier to track data across multiple sources. In the meantime, to address the gap in part repair capabilities at the military depots, the prime contractor Boeing has begun incentivizing manufacturers to increase their capacity to repair spare parts by establishing performance-based repair agreements. As of October 2018, according to program documentation, Boeing had established seven such agreements, with six more planned by May 2019. I contacted Lockheed and the F-35 Joint Program Office for comment and will add it when it arrives. https://breakingdefense.com/2019/07/esper-f-35-wont-hit-80-readiness-cites-stealth-parts/

  • US Army picks 5 teams to design new attack recon helicopter

    26 avril 2019 | International, Aérospatial

    US Army picks 5 teams to design new attack recon helicopter

    By: Jen Judson WASHINGTON — AVX Aircraft Co. partnered with L-3 Communications Integrated Systems, Bell Helicopter, Boeing, Karem Aircraft and Lockheed Martin-owned Sikorsky have won awards to design a new Future Attack Reconnaissance Aircraft (FARA) for the U.S. Army over the next year, the service announced April 23. Only two teams will move forward, at the end of the design phase, to build flyable prototypes of the future helicopter in a head-to-head competition. The Army laid out a handful of mandatory requirements that the vendors had to meet and also a list of desired requirements for initial designs, Col. Craig Alia, the Future Vertical Lift Cross Functional Team chief of staff, told a select group of reporters just ahead of the contract awards. The service also looked at the vendors' execution plans and evaluated timing as well as funding profile requirements. “The ones that were selected were clearly meeting the mandatory requirements and were in the acceptable risk level of the execution plan and the desired requirements," Dan Bailey, who is the FARA competitive prototype program manager, added. The prototype program falls under the purview of the Army Combat Capabilities Development Command Aviation and Missile Center's Aviation Development Directorate. AVX and L3 unveiled its design for the FARA competition at the Army Aviation Association of America's annual summit in Nashville, Tennessee, earlier this month. The design uses AVX's compound coaxial and ducted fans technology. The companies said its single-engine design meets 100 percent of the Army's mandatory requirements and 70 percent of its desired attributes. The CEO of Textron, Bell's parent company, said during a recent earnings call, that its FARA design will be based on its 525 technology rather than its tiltrotor technology. Bell has built and flown a tiltrotor prototype — the V-280 Valor — for the Army's Future Vertical Lift program. Karem has been working to develop technology under a small contract to help build requirements for FVL aircraft focused on a medium-lift helicopter. Sikorsky's offering will be based off of its X2 coaxial technology seen in its S-97 Raider and the Sikorsky-Boeing developed SB-1 Defiant, which are now both flying. “This is the culmination of years of investment in the X2 Technology Demonstrator and the S-97 RAIDER aircraft that have proven the advanced technology and shown its ability to change the future battlefield,” Tim Malia, Sikorsky's director of Future Vertical Lift Light, told Defense News in an emailed statement shortly after the announcement. “We continue to fly the S-97 RAIDER to inform the design for FARA, which provides significant risk reduction to the program schedule and technical objectives. We are eager to continue to support the US Army, and we are excited that the Sikorsky FARA X2 will be ready for this critical mission," he said. A total of eight teams submitted data and potential designs for FARA, but upon evaluation, three of those did not meet mandatory requirements, according to Bailey. It is not publicly stated who the losing teams were, but MD Helicopters had previously protested the Army's decision to not enter into a first phase agreement with the company to develop a FARA prototype, arguing to the Government Accountability Office (GAO) that the Army “unreasonably” evaluated its proposal and failed to promote small business participation. The GAO denied the protest earlier this month on the grounds it did not have authority to review protests of contracting mechanisms like Other Transaction Authorities (OTA) which the Army used in this case. The awards were made two months ahead of an already ambitious schedule to get FARA prototypes flying by 2023. A production decision could happen in 2028, but the service is looking at any way possible to speed up that timeline. The Army has to move quickly, Alia said. Echoing his boss, Brig. Gen. Wally Rugen, the FVL CFT director, he said the Army is “at an inflection point. We can't afford not to modernize. We know the current fleet is fantastic, but we can't indefinitely continue to incrementally improve 1970s to 1980s technology.” FARA is intended to fill a critical capability gap currently being filled by AH-64E Apache attack helicopters teamed with Shadow unmanned aircraft following the retirement of the OH-58D Kiowa Warrior helicopters. The service has tried and failed three times to fill the gap with an aircraft. The Army is also planning to procure another helicopter to fill the long-range assault mission, replacing some UH-60 Black Hawk helicopters in the fleet, simultaneously. With the advent of the new Army Futures Command — that is focused on six major modernization priorities of which FVL is third — the service is moving faster on prototyping capability to ultimately procure major weapon systems at a somewhat unprecedented speed. Through the AFC and the use of contracting mechanisms like OTAs, the Army has found a way to compress parts of the acquisition process that previously took three to five years into periods of time often amounting to less than a year. “What is exciting about the new process the Army has put in place,” Bailey said, “in basically a year's period of time, we've gone through concept, through an approved set of requirements, to developing an innovative approach to contracting, to building industry partnerships to have industry propose to us a plan and a solution.” And the Army rigorously evaluated those FARA proposals, Bailey said, all within that year. The teams have until January or February next year to provide design plans and an approach to executing the build of the prototypes followed by potential larger-scale manufacturing, Bailey said. The second phase of the program will be to build prototypes, and “only two will make it into phase 2 and they all know that now,” Bailey added. According to Rugen, when the request for proposals was released, the Army did not want to get locked into keeping inflexible requirements, but the request did state that the aircraft should have a maximum 40-foot rotor diameter. The Army also asked for the aircraft to be able to accept some government furnished equipment including an engine, a gun and a rocket launcher, Alia said. When it comes to some of the desirable attributes for a new aircraft, the Army is considering speed, range and payload possibilities, Alia said, but the service “wanted to encourage innovation by industry to come to us with their ideas and unique ways of meeting both mandatory and desirable characteristics and that is where we got some great feedback from industry and some innovative designs.” https://www.defensenews.com/digital-show-dailies/aaaa/2019/04/23/us-army-picks-5-teams-to-design-new-us-army-attack-recon-helicopter/

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