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October 21, 2020 | International, C4ISR, Security, Other Defence

Japan to export defense tech to Vietnam under new agreement

HANOI, Vietnam — Japanese Prime Minister Yoshihide Suga, in his first overseas summit since taking office last month, agreed with his Vietnamese counterpart to step up defense and security cooperation in the face of China's expanding influence in the region.

In talks in Hanoi on Monday, Suga and Vietnamese Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc set a basic agreement allowing Japan to export defense equipment and technology to Vietnam. Japan has been pursuing such pacts in recent years to bolster ties with Southeast Asian countries and sustain its own defense industry.

Suga said his four-day trip to Vietnam and later Indonesia was key to pursuing multilateral economic and security cooperation to counter China's growing power and protect sea lanes in disputed areas of the South China Sea.

“Vietnam is crucial to achieving our vision of ‘the Free and Open Indo-Pacific,' and our valuable partner,' ” Suga told a news conference after his meeting with Phuc. “Japan, as an Indo-Pacific nation, will continue to contribute to the peace and stability in this region.”

Suga said Vietnam, at the center of the region, was the most suitable destination for his first trip abroad as Japan's leader.

Neither of the two leaders mentioned China by name in their news conference. Phuc said the peace and stability of the South China Sea should be protected by the rule of law, not unilaterally by force or threats.

“Vietnam appreciates that Japan, one of the world's leading powers, is actively contributing its efforts to maintain peace and stability in the region and in the world,” Phuc said.

In a speech later Monday at Vietnam-Japan University, Suga said that Japan's “Free and Open Indo-Pacific” concept and “ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific,” formulated by the Association of Southeast Asian Nations in 2019, share values such as rule of law, openness, transparency and freedom.

Suga expressed strong support for their vision, and said together Japan and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations can achieve a peaceful and prosperous future.

“Unfortunately in this region, there is a move in the South China Sea that goes against the rule of law and openness stated in this ASEAN Outlook, and Japan strongly opposes any attempt that escalates tensions in the South China Sea,” Suga said in his speech, hinting at China's growing assertiveness in the area.

Japan already has defense equipment transfer deals with the U.S., Britain and Malaysia, among other countries. Vietnam is a 12th partner, while Japan is still negotiating deals with Indonesia and Thailand. In its first actual delivery of such exports, Japan in August exported a radar surveillance system to the Philippines.

Details of possible equipment sales were not mentioned, but Suga called the agreement “a major step” for a bilateral defense cooperation, saying he expects further developments.

Japan partially lifted its ban on military equipment and technology transfer in 2014 as part of former Prime Minister Shinzo Abe's efforts to build Japan's defense capabilities.

Suga and Phuc signed other agreements to cooperate in a range of economic fields and on anti-terrorism measures.

The two sides also agreed to ease entry bans and allow short-term business visits and reopen flights between Vietnam and Japan. Such travel has been very tightly restricted due to the pandemic, but both countries have managed to somewhat stabilize COVID-19 outbreaks.

Suga also promised to provide support for Vietnamese workers in Japan affected by the pandemic's hit to the economy. Vietnamese accounts for more than half of the foreign workers Japan has accepted in recent years to make up for its declining and aging population.

Japan is one of Vietnam's top trading partners with two-way trade of $28.6 billion so far this year. Japan is also Vietnam's largest overseas aid donor, providing $23 billion as of 2019 and accounting for more than a quarter of Vietnam's foreign loans.

The government has been trying to entice Japanese companies to invest in Vietnam and other Southeast Asian countries to lessen Japan's dependence on manufacturing and other businesses in China.

On Monday, Japan and Vietnam agreed on the need to cooperate on diversifying supply chains — a lesson Japan learned from its dire shortages of surgical masks and protective gowns earlier this year due to heavy dependence on Chinese imports.

In August, Vietnam agreed to buy six coast guard patrol boats worth $345 million from Japan. The country is seeking to improve its maritime defenses amid China's continuing development and militarization of artificial islands in contested waters of the South China Sea.

Progress in talks between ASEAN and China over the disputes appears to be at a standstill.

Suga's predecessor Abe also chose Vietnam as the first country he visited after taking office. Suga is the first foreign head of a state to visit Vietnam since the country closed its borders to contain COVID-19.

https://www.defensenews.com/global/asia-pacific/2020/10/19/japan-to-export-defense-tech-to-vietnam-under-new-agreement/

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  • Forces spéciales : l’innovation au centre de leur réussite

    April 23, 2019 | International, Land

    Forces spéciales : l’innovation au centre de leur réussite

    De nos jours, les forces spéciales (FS) font face à un ennemi toujours plus insaisissable et plus rapide, doté de capacités tactiques et technologiques de plus en plus sophistiquées. Riches d'un retour d'expérience (RETEX) innovant et d'une réelle connaissance du terrain, les unités FS contrent cette tendance en s'inscrivant dans une démarche de recherche et d'innovation au profit de leurs unités et de l'armée de Terre. Les forces spéciales font face à un environnement changeant dans lequel l'ennemi non étatique est pourvu de capacités opérationnelles modernes comme les matériels de vision nocturne, les drones ou encore les missiles antichars. Pour répondre à ces mutations, le commandement des forces spéciales Terre (CFST)développe et améliore constamment ses capacités opérationnelles pour disposer d'une longueur d'avance sur ses ennemis. Comme l'explique le commandant Xavier, chef du bureau étude et prospective du CFST : « Pour le CFST, l'enjeu est de conserver le juste niveau d'asymétrie technologique qui contribue à la supériorité opérationnelle des détachements opérant sous le contrôle opérationnel du commandement des opérations spéciales ». Des combattants impliqués Ainsi, le retour d'expérience (RETEX) des combattants des forces spéciales éclaire le CFST sur la réalité des engagements et la nature de la menace. Débriefer la mission est une seconde nature des FS. La particularité au sein des unités FS, c'est que la boucle est très courte. En effet, le soldat va pouvoir rapporter son RETEX directement à son chef de corps, qui traitera à son tour directement avec les différents organismes internes et les industriels. Il permet de tirer leçon des engagements opérationnels pour y apporter une réponse adéquate. 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De plus, le CFST est doté d'un bureau études équipements et prospectives (BEP) ayant pour responsabilité principale, le développement capacitaire des forces spéciales Terre. C'est une structure vouée à l'innovation. Spécifique au FS, le BEP est décliné dans chaque unité, puis au niveau supérieur au sein du CFST qui prend ensuite contact avec le niveau décisionnaire : l'état-major de l'armée de Terre. Gr'ce à cette organisation, le BEP recueille le RETEX directement en régiment et s'attache à appréhender de manière globale la somme des faits et événements qui lui sont rapportés. En terme de prospective, il étudie les évolutions prévisibles des adversaires et les technologies susceptibles d'asseoir la supériorité opérationnelle de nos armées ou au contraire de la remettre en question. Il évalue ensuite les options de réponse et propose le développement d'une nouvelle capacité ou l'évaluation d'un équipement en vue de son acquisition. Fortes de leur volonté d'innovation, les forces spéciales jouent un rôle essentiel dans la supériorité capacitaire de l'armée de Terre. « Actuellement, nous nous intéressons aux nouvelles solutions de mobilité, aux capacités offertes par les drones, l'impression 3D, la gestion de l'information et de l'énergie » conclut le commandant Xavier. L'ensemble de ces démarches ne se limite pas à adapter seulement les capacités opérationnelles des FS, il sert ainsi l'ensemble des forces de l'armée de Terre. https://www.defense.gouv.fr/terre/actu-terre/forces-speciales-l-innovation-au-centre-de-leur-reussite

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  • No Shipbuilding Plan, But Navy Works On New Ships To Counter China

    May 19, 2020 | International, Naval

    No Shipbuilding Plan, But Navy Works On New Ships To Counter China

    The Navy and Marine Corps' vision of a future surface fleet is starting to come together, even if they're still waiting for the Defense Secretary and Congress to give their blessings. By PAUL MCLEARY WASHINGTON: The Navy might not yet have an overarching plan to design and build its fleet of the future, but it is taking small steps that provide clues as to where service leadership wants to go. Over the past week, the Navy announced two industry days to meet with prospective shipbuilders for a new class of logistics ship that can operate under fire, and an unmanned anti-mine vessel, both new programs that would allow the Navy and Marine Corps to push deeper into contested territory in the Pacific, and keep troops and sailors resupplied once they get there. The Next Generation Medium Logistics Ship is the bigger effort, representing an entirely new class of manned ship designed to operate in a crowded environment while supplying ships at sea and a new, lighter, Marine force on the ground that is currently being designed by Commandant Gen. David Berger. A May 15 post on a government contracting website asked the defense industry for their ideas, explaining that the Navy is looking for ships that are “smaller than existing ships in the Combat Logistics Force, and will operate near contested environments, sustaining afloat (Surface Action Group) and ashore (Expeditionary Advanced Base) requirements.” The expeditionary advanced base idea is part of a wide-ranging overhaul of the Marine Corps to get lighter, faster, and more deadly by employing precision weapons the Corps hopes to integrate into its formations in the coming years. Berger is working to stand up several Marine Littoral Regiments, with the first based in Hawaii and falling under the Japan-based III Marine Expeditionary Force. The first three regiments, designed to move fast and have anti-air and possibly anti-ship weapons, will be based in the Pacific region, pointing to where Berger and the Marines see the pacing threat coming from in the future. Relying on smaller units armed with precision weapons that can operate inside the weapons range of an enemy, moving in tight waterways and using small islands to provide cover for naval air air forces is key to the emerging Marine Corps vision, which has its eye cast squarely on the South China Sea. More broadly, Berger plans to lop off a significant portion of the Corps' traditional strength — artillery, armor, and rotary wing lift — in favor of a leaner, more precise and much faster force. 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James Kilby, deputy chief for warfighting requirements and capabilities, recently said. To supply those Marines ashore, the Navy believes there are several types of commercial vessels which may be able to perform these missions, but is also considering” conversion of existing vessels, new construction, or a combination of conversions and new construction in order to acquire the required number of Next Generation Logistics Ships,” the solicitation said. On May 13, the Navy also announced a virtual industry day for the Mine Countermeasures Unmanned Surface Vehicle program, one of several unmanned efforts the service is planning to bolster the larger, manned fleet. “The purpose of this industry day is to improve industry's understanding of how the MCM USV program fits into the Navy's plans to expand the use of unmanned vehicles,” according to the notice, which adds the MCM “will be a ship-launched or shore-launched, open architecture (OA), surface vehicle capable of autonomous safe navigation and mission execution.” The plans for both programs — and the frigate, as well — depend on what a study being helmed by Deputy Defense Secretary David Norquist finds in his look at the Navy's Integrated Navy Force Structure Assessment, which the Pentagon blocked the Navy from releasing in February, as planned. After being briefed on the plan for building a 355-ship fleet over the next decade, Defense Secretary Mark Esper told the Navy he was taking over the project, and putting Norquist in the lead of relooking the plan. It's not clear what issues Esper had with the plan, but some officials and experts have speculated that the Navy isn't moving fast enough to divest of older, larger ships in favor of smaller, faster and unmanned vessels. Esper has said he expects the study to be complete by July. https://breakingdefense.com/2020/05/no-shipbuilding-plan-but-navy-works-on-new-ships-to-counter-china/

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