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January 24, 2019 | Local, Naval

Davie souhaite une «grappe maritime»

JEAN-MICHEL GENOIS GAGNON

Le Soleil

En prévision du passage du premier ministre du Canada dans la capitale vendredi, deux joueurs de l'industrie maritime du Québec dressent leurs demandes à Justin Trudeau en lien avec la Stratégie nationale de construction navale. Si rien n'est fait, de l'expertise et des emplois sont en danger.

Chantier Davie souhaite que le Québec s'inspire de l'Europe pour faire évoluer sa stratégie navale. L'entreprise demande au gouvernement provincial de mettre sur pied une grappe maritime qui «permettrait de générer des milliards de dollars en retombées économiques», a appris Le Soleil.

Dans un document présenté à l'occasion des consultations prébudgétaires, Davie dresse le portrait de sa situation ainsi que ses prévisions pour les années à venir. Si rien n'est fait, le chantier maritime de Lévis pourrait connaître de nouveau des jours sombres entre 2019 et 2020. Période où le carnet de commandes est presque à sec.

De 1331 travailleurs en 2017, Davie sert de gagne-pain aujourd'hui à environ 200 personnes. Rappelons qu'au moment où le groupe Inocea, nouveau propriétaire, a pris les commandes en 2012, il n'y avait qu'une poignée de salariés, notamment des agents de sécurité et des employés d'entretien.

Pour éviter d'autres problèmes de santé, Davie propose de faire du Québec un centre d'excellence pour l'Arctique spécialisé dans une niche de technologies et de classes de navires. Davie lance comme idée la création d'une grappe maritime, comme on retrouve en Finlande, en Norvège, aux Pays-Bas, en France et en Italie.

«L'avantage concurrentiel d'une grappe maritime réside dans son intégralité et ses connexions, dans ses connaissances et compétences avancées ainsi que dans sa spécialisation régionale», notent des responsables du chantier maritime. «Les fournisseurs qui font affaire avec l'industrie maritime, même s'ils ne sont pas traditionnellement liés à celle-ci, augmentent considérablement leurs opportunités d'exportation», ajoutent-ils.

Ces derniers estiment que le Québec possède actuellement tous les ingrédients pour créer une grappe maritime prospère. «Davie a construit le premier traversier au GNL en Amérique du Nord, Chantier Forillon a construit le premier traversier à piles en Amérique du Nord et Terragon de Montréal est le leader mondial des technologies de déchets marins écologiques».

Stratégie maritime

Pour y parvenir, Davie demande toutefois au gouvernement provincial de faire davantage pression sur Ottawa afin que le Québec obtienne sa juste part des 100 milliards $ investis dans la Stratégie nationale de construction navale. L'organisation réitère que ses rivaux n'ont toujours pas livré la marchandise.

L'entreprise de Lévis juge que 23 % de la cagnotte de 100 milliards $ aiderait à faire de la province un leader à l'international. Un montant qui générerait «50 milliards $» en retombées économiques pour le Québec sur une période de 20 ans et qui assurerait le maintien de 8000 à 12 000 emplois directs et indirects.

«Munie d'une telle base, la chaîne de valeur de la construction navale au Québec pourrait rivaliser avec les grands pays constructeurs navals européens», fait valoir Davie. «En 2016, la grappe maritime norvégienne a rapporté plus de 9,7 milliards $, a atteint une création de valeur de 2,7 milliards $ et a employé 18 000 personnes.»

En décembre dernier, l'Assemblée nationale a adopté à l'unanimité une motion visant à appuyer la croisade du chantier maritime. Québec, qui reconnaît ainsi l'expertise de l'entreprise, réclame qu'Ottawa ajuste sa Stratégie nationale de construction navale et octroie, à court terme, à Davie un contrat pour un second navire ravitailleur de la classe Resolve.

Cet accord qui vise la construction du navire Obelix pour la Marine royale canadienne — son jumeau l'Asterix avait coûté 650 millions $ — pourrait agir comme bouée de sauvetage et assurer du boulot à 1500 travailleurs.

Sans le feu vert pour la construction de ce nouveau navire, Davie ne cache pas que certaines périodes pourraient être plus difficiles, et ce, même si des contrats ont récemment été signés.

Contrat mal présenté

Dans son document, la direction du chantier maritime affirme que le contrat de 610 millions $ lui étant octroyé par Ottawa pour la construction de trois brise-glaces pour la Garde côtière a été «faussement présenté».

«En réalité, la vaste majorité de ce montant a servi à l'achat des navires déjà construits à l'étranger, et non pas pour les travaux ni pour des emplois au chantier».

Quant aux travaux annoncés pour l'entretien des 12 frégates de la classe Halifax de la Marine royale canadienne, des contrats de 7 milliards $, Davie rappelle que ces chantiers ne commenceront que vers la fin 2020 et que le travail sera réparti entre les trois grands joueurs au pays, Davie, Irving Shipyards (Halifax) et Seaspan Shipyards (Victoria).

«Les intervalles entre les travaux pour chacun de ces trois navires peuvent atteindre jusqu'à 9 mois. Cette charge de travail sporadique n'est pas suffisante pour maintenir le plus grand chantier naval canadien ni pour assurer des emplois stables et de valeur aux travailleurs de près de 900 entreprises locales», prévient Davie.

https://www.latribune.ca/actualites/le-fil-groupe-capitales-medias/davie-souhaite-une-grappe-maritime-afc7b5ef4a1d96e31263d006e57e7b8a

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