22 mai 2019 | International, Aérospatial

Une guerre commerciale affecterait tous les avionneurs, dit Airbus

LONDRES, 16 mai (Reuters) - Une nouvelle escalade des tensions commerciales affecterait les entreprises du secteur aéronautique dans leur ensemble, y compris Airbus, concurrent de Boeing, a prévenu jeudi le président exécutif de l'avionneur européen.

Dans le cadre du litige de près de 15 ans auprès de l'Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) qui oppose les Etats-Unis et l'Europe sur les subventions à l'industrie aéronautique, les deux parties menacent d'imposer à chacun des milliards de dollars de droits de douane.

“Les tensions commerciales que nous constatons, nous pensons qu'elles sont des tensions perdantes-perdantes”, a déclaré Guillaume Faury à la presse lors d'une visite à Londres.

Boeing a exhorté mercredi le gouvernement américain de limiter les représailles exercées sur les avions européens afin de pas nuire aux équipementiers américains.

Mais Guillaume Faury juge impossible pour les entreprises concernées de contenir les retombées liées à la détérioration du climat commercial international, qui a également conduit à une guerre douanière entre les Etats-Unis et la Chine.

“Ces tensions, et la situation commerciale, ne sont d'aucune aide pour aucun des acteurs de l'aérospatiale”, a-t-il déclaré.

“Nous ne pensons pas que nous en perdrons plus que les autres dans cette situation, mais nous pensons que cela devrait être résolu d'une manière ou d'une autre afin que les entreprises mondialisées comme dans le secteur de l'aviation puissent continuer à se développer”, a-t-il ajouté.

Guillaume Faury a par ailleurs de nouveau mis en garde sur l'impact de la sortie de la Grande-Bretagne de l'Union européenne, tout en étant moins alarmiste que son prédécesseur, Tom Enders, qui avait menacé de retirer le groupe du Royaume-Uni.

Airbus, qui produit des ailes d'avion en Grande-Bretagne et emploie 14.000 personnes dans tout le pays, profite du retard pris dans le Brexit pour “se préparer à tous les scénarios”, a déclaré Guillaume Faury, ajoutant qu'un Brexit sans accord est toujours possible, même si cela est moins probable.

“Les choses n'ont fondamentalement pas changé, et par conséquent elles s'aggravent. Ce manque persistant de clarté est (...) une distraction”, a-t-il déclaré.

“Le Royaume-Uni fait vraiment partie de notre écosystème. Nos usines et nos sites au Royaume-Uni sont très compétitifs. Nous aimerions que cela continue, quoi qu'il arrive.”

MISES EN GARDE

Guillaume Faury a également mis en garde contre des poursuites judiciaires contre l'Allemagne, Berlin ayant décidé en mars de prolonger de six mois l'arrêt des ventes d'armes à l'Arabie saoudite à la suite du meurtre du journaliste et opposant saoudien Jamal Khashoggi.

Cette décision remet en cause des milliards d'euros de contrats militaires, dont une commande de 10 milliards de livres (13,27 milliards de dollars) pour la vente de 48 Eurofighter Typhoon à Ryad, via un consortium dirigé par BAE Systems et comprenant l'Allemagne, Airbus et le motoriste MTU Aero Engines .

“Il est très important de clarifier les règles et de comprendre comment les partenaires comprennent qu'ils peuvent faire confiance à l'Allemagne en tant que partenaire”, a déclaré Guillaume Faury.

Ce commentaire survient alors que la France et l'Allemagne planchent sur un nouvel avion de combat dans lequel Airbus est le partenaire industriel du côté allemand. (Claude Chendjou pour le service français, édité par Benoît Van Overstraeten)

https://fr.reuters.com/article/frEuroRpt/idFRL5N22S4HE

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