August 19, 2019 | International, C4ISR
The Department of Defense is poised to spend nearly $1 billion on artificial intelligence in the next year.
The Pentagon's proposed budget for fiscal 2020 includes some $927 million for AI, as well as machine learning, according to Ainikki Riikonen, a research assistant for the Technology and National Security Program at the Center for a New American Security.
This includes $208 million earmarked for the Joint Artificial Intelligence Center, which was created in 2018. The Center's initial efforts have delivered “a very mature, insightful high-level view” of issues surrounding AI, said Ian McCulloh, chief data scientist at Accenture Federal Services.
AI encompasses hardware, software, people and processes. With nearly a $1 billion bankroll, Defense Department leaders and the intelligence community are now looking for the best ways to leverage this emerging capability most effectively.
Starting point
A deep dive into the numbers shows an early emphasis on basic research. The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency's budget request includes $138 million for advanced land systems technology, up from $109 million in fiscal 2019. That program includes research into urban reconnaissance and AI-driven subterranean operations. DARPA's budget also includes $10 million for the Highly Networked Dissemination of Relevant Data Project, a situational awareness tool, as well as $161 million for the AI Human Machine Symbiosis Project, up from $97 million.
“That's all about creating systems and people that actually understand each other,” Riikonen said.
These foundational research efforts could yield practical results for the war fighter. But before the Pentagon can make use of AI's analytic and predictive powers, military leaders will need to ensure they have the underlying infrastructure in place.
“There's so much data available to the military, but it's stored all over the place, and rarely in a format that is easily transferrable into an algorithm,” said Todd Probert, vice president for Raytheon Intelligence, Information and Services. “If the military wants to set itself up for success, they should focus on data curation, labeling and cleaning, as well as recruiting and training the data scientists necessary to make use of it.”
Good data requires good technical people, and those aren't easy to come by. “Talent isn't cheap and it's in high demand. The government will be competing directly with industry for a very small pool of people,” Probert said. This indicates a need for early investments on talented professionals.
From there, defense can begin to look at funding specific projects and programs that take advantage of AI's capabilities.
AI applications
The Pentagon might begin by considering the potential for AI as a weapon of war. “We are only starting to scratch the surface on the impact of AI and how it can be manipulated by adversaries for nefarious purposes,” said Rahul Kashyap, president and chief executive of network traffic analysis company Awake Security.
Machine learning might help military systems be more effective, but the reliance on data could also make those systems vulnerable to new kinds of attack. “With the adversarial use of AI, there are already discussions about ways in which data we have come to rely on may be poisoned to trick the machine inputs and algorithms,” Kashyap said.
Some experts suggest that any early investments should address this potential risk, building in a defensive capability as part of AI's foundational layer.
Others say that the low-hanging fruit lies in the military's ability to leverage AI in support of mundane, but nonetheless critical, tasks.
In the near term, for example, AI spending could help provide transparency around inventory and supply chain management.
“AI could help manage the complexity behind the connectivity and flow between transportation, people, facilities and supplies including equipment, spare parts and fuel in a predictive manner,” said Brigham Bechtel, chief strategy officer for intelligence and defense at big data applications firm MarkLogic.
In this scenario, AI would leverage existing data on materiel availability and equipment performance to drive preventative maintenance, as well as parts procurement — “keeping records of millions of screws, wire couplers, and even tank gun barrels to support scaling to operational demand,” Bechtel said. That's a task for which machine-scale intelligence is ideally suited.
In the realm of ISR, some industry representatives point to “open-source intelligence” (such as social media) as a prime target for AI investments.
Sources such as Facebook and Twitter contain “significant intelligence that is beyond the scale of humans or classic computation analysis,” said Chad Steelberg, chief executive and chairman of AI-based analysis company Veritone.
As in logistics, open-source intelligence offers ample data in a space where machine-scale analytics could have a deep impact. “The war of ideas, ranging from ISIS recruiting to state-sponsored propaganda, is the most dangerous battlefronts today,” Steelberg said. “With the source of ideas now being influenced by AI, the countries that harness this new weapon most effectively will have a distinct advantage.”
The intelligence community also could benefit from AI's analytic powers to manage the sheer volume of sensor data in the field.
“Is the analyst overwhelmed with data? If so, AI has the potential to help,” said Graham Gilmer, a principal in Booz Allen Hamilton's analytics business. “Generating a more robust search capability, fusing data from multiple sources, and generally doing the heavy lifting to cue the analyst are the most immediate applications.”
In addition to addressing external data, the intelligence community could score an early win by building AI models that scrutinize conversations amongst analysts themselves.
“In an ISR suite there can be as many as 15 chat rooms going at any time, with info coming in from various units and intelligence agencies,” Probert said. “That's too much data and crosstalk for a person to manage, so information is inevitably going to be missed. We need machine learning tools that can flag critical data and alert analysts to what's important.”
All these represent valid points of inquiry and the Pentagon likely will pursue diverse variations on these themes. In the short term, though, analysts predict AI will mostly be about robots.
“Advanced automation is the fastest growing category in AI, with the rise of unmanned systems,” Riikonen said, noting it would be a natural evolution for the military to leverage private sector learning to utilize AI in support of autonomous systems. “That fits very well with the overall U.S. defense strategy, which is all about having more of these autonomous systems that support war fighters in denied and contested environments.”
In order to achieve those goals, the Defense Department may have to adopt a new way of investing in technology.
Rather than a single development effort that leads to a completed product, however, AI requires an iterative process in which the computers learn over time.
“You do small chunks, you do small bites,” said Paul Johnson, Grant Thornton public sector senior strategic adviser for the defense and intelligence community.
In this light, AI investment will require not just algorithmic development, but investment in organizational change, to spur deep interactions between stakeholders. “We need to get the coders in the same room with the end users and start having the conversation about the art of the possible,” Johnson said. “You have to have that conversation early, often and repeatedly, for the coders to understand what they need to do.”
September 23, 2021 | International, Aerospace
The MS-177 long range wide area multi-spectral imaging (MSI) sensor enhances the Global Hawk’s ISR mission capabilities by providing greater standoff range and more actionable intelligence to address challenges and...
May 20, 2020 | International, Aerospace, Security
May 18, 2020 - Saab has signed a contract and received an order for the Airborne Early Warning and Control solution Saab 2000 Erieye AEW&C. The order value is 1.553 billion SEK. Deliveries will be made between 2020 and 2023. The industry's nature is such that due to circumstances concerning the product and customer, further information about the customer will not be announced. Saab 2000 Erieye AEW&C is a complete AEW&C system with multi-role and multi-mission capabilities for both military and civil needs. It is based on the Saab 2000 aircraft equipped with Saab's airborne radar Erieye and a range of other sensors. The solution gives the user detailed situational awareness and can be used for tasks including border surveillance and search-and-rescue operations. Saab will carry out the work in Gothenburg, Järfälla, Linköping, Luleå and Arboga, Sweden. For further information, please contact: Saab Press Centre, Ann Wolgers, Press Officer +46 (0)734 180 018, presscentre@saabgroup.com www.saabgroup.com www.saabgroup.com/YouTube Follow us on twitter: @saab Saab serves the global market with world-leading products, services and solutions within military defence and civil security. Saab has operations and employees on all continents around the world. Through innovative, collaborative and pragmatic thinking, Saab develops, adopts and improves new technology to meet customers' changing needs. The information is such that Saab AB is obliged to make public pursuant to the EU Market Abuse Regulation and the Securities Markets Act. The information was submitted for publication, through the agency of the contact person set out above, on 18 May 2020 at 11.00 (CET). View source version on Saab: https://saabgroup.com/media/news-press/news/2020-05/saab-receives-airborne-surveillance-order/
May 8, 2019 | International, Aerospace, Naval, Land, C4ISR, Security, Other Defence
NAVY Lockheed Martin, Rotary and Mission Systems, Moorestown, New Jersey, is awarded a $84,925,824 cost-plus-incentive-fee modification to previously awarded contract N00024-13-C-5116 for AEGIS combat system engineering, architecture, development, integration and test; Naval Integrated Fire Control-Counter Air integration and test; and training, studies and computer program maintenance. Work will be performed in Moorestown, New Jersey, and is expected to be completed by December 2019. Fiscal 2014 and 2017 shipbuilding and conversion (Navy); fiscal 2018 and 2019 research, development, test, and evaluation (Navy); fiscal 2019 operations and maintenance (Navy); and fiscal 2019 other procurement (Navy) funding in the amount of $58,414,159 will be obligated at the time of award and funding in the amount of $4,217,275 will expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Sea Systems Command, Washington, District of Columbia, is the contracting activity. G2 Software Systems Inc.,* San Diego, California, is awarded a $83,493,639 indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity, cost-plus-fixed-fee, multiple-award contract to provide command and control (C2) technologies and capabilities in the areas of innovative science and technology research, systems engineering, architecture, design, development, integration, testing, configuration management, quality assurance, and implementation and support of C2 net-centric military operations. This is one of six contracts awarded. All awardees will have the opportunity to compete for task orders during the ordering period. This two-year contract includes four two-year options which, if exercised, would bring the overall, cumulative value of this contract to an estimated $93,030,165. All work will be performed in San Diego, California, and is expected to be completed May 6, 2021. If the options are exercised, the period of performance would extend through May 6, 2029. Fiscal 2019 working capital (Navy) funds in a guaranteed amount of $10,000 will be obligated at the time of award and will not expire by the end of the current fiscal year. Funds will be obligated as task orders are issued using research, development, test and evaluation (Navy); operations and maintenance (Navy); other procurement (Navy); shipbuilding construction (Navy); and working capital fund (Navy). This contract was competitively procured via a request for proposal (N66001-18-R-0002) and publication on the Federal Business Opportunities website and the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command e-Commerce Central website. Fourteen offers were received and six were selected for award. Naval Information Warfare Center Pacific, San Diego, California, is the contracting activity (N66001-19-D-0059). Geocent,* Metairie, Louisiana, is awarded a $83,338,808 indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity, cost-plus-fixed-fee, multiple-award contract to provide command and control (C2) technologies and capabilities in the areas of innovative science and technology research, systems engineering, architecture, design, development, integration, testing, configuration management, quality assurance, and implementation and support of C2 net-centric military operations. This is one of six contracts awarded. All awardees will have the opportunity to compete for task orders during the ordering period. This two-year contract includes four two-year options which, if exercised, would bring the overall, cumulative value of this contract to an estimated $93,030,165. All work will be performed in San Diego, California, and is expected to be completed May 6, 2021. If the options are exercised, the period of performance would extend through May 6, 2029. A guarantee of $10,000 using fiscal 2019 working capital (Navy) funds will be obligated at the time of award. Funds will be obligated as task orders are issued using research, development, test and evaluation (Navy); operations and maintenance (Navy); other procurement (Navy); shipbuilding construction (Navy); and working capital fund (Navy). This contract was competitively procured via a request for proposal (N66001-18-R-0002) and publication on the Federal Business Opportunities website and the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command e-Commerce Central website. Fourteen offers were received and six were selected for award. Naval Information Warfare Center Pacific, San Diego, California, is the contracting activity (N66001-19-D-0060). Forward Slope Inc.,* San Diego, California, is awarded a $76,903,173 indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity, cost-plus-fixed-fee, multiple-award contract to provide command and control (C2) technologies and capabilities in the areas of innovative science and technology research, systems engineering, architecture, design, development, integration, testing, configuration management, quality assurance, and implementation and support of C2 net-centric military operations. This is one of six contracts awarded. All awardees will have the opportunity to compete for task orders during the ordering period. This two-year contract includes four two-year options which, if exercised, would bring the overall, cumulative value of this contract to an estimated $93,030,165. All work will be performed in San Diego, California, and is expected to be completed May 6, 2021. If the options are exercised, the period of performance would extend through May 6, 2029. A guarantee of $10,000 using fiscal 2019 working capital (Navy) funds will be obligated at the time of award. Funds will be obligated as task orders are issued using research, development, test and evaluation (Navy); operations and maintenance (Navy); other procurement (Navy); shipbuilding construction (Navy); and working capital fund (Navy). This contract was competitively procured via a request for proposal (N66001-18-R-0002) and publication on the Federal Business Opportunities website and the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command e-Commerce Central website. Fourteen offers were received and six were selected for award. Naval Information Warfare Center Pacific, San Diego, California, is the contracting activity (N66001-19-D-0058). Advanced Sciences and Technologies LLC (AS&T),* Berlin, New Jersey, is awarded a $68,106,416 indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity, cost-plus-fixed-fee, multiple-award contract to provide command and control (C2) technologies and capabilities in the areas of innovative science and technology research, systems engineering, architecture, design, development, integration, testing, configuration management, quality assurance, and implementation and support of C2 net-centric military operations. This is one of six contracts awarded. All awardees will have the opportunity to compete for task orders during the ordering period. This two-year contract includes four two-year options which, if exercised, would bring the overall, cumulative value of this contract to an estimated $93,030,165. All work will be performed in San Diego, California, and is expected to be completed May 6, 2021. If the options are exercised, the period of performance would extend through May 6, 2029. A guarantee of $10,000 using fiscal 2019 working capital (Navy) funds will be obligated at the time of award. Funds will be obligated as task orders are issued using research, development, test and evaluation (Navy); operations and maintenance (Navy); other procurement (Navy); shipbuilding construction (Navy); and working capital fund (Navy). This contract was competitively procured via a Request for Proposal (N66001-18-R-0002) and publication on the Federal Business Opportunities website and the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command e-Commerce Central website. Fourteen offers were received and six were selected for award. Naval Information Warfare Center Pacific, San Diego, California, is the contracting activity (N66001-19-D-0056). Solute Inc.,* San Diego, California, is awarded a $55,891,672 indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity, cost-plus-fixed-fee, multiple-award contract to provide command and control (C2) technologies and capabilities in the areas of innovative science and technology research, systems engineering, architecture, design, development, integration, testing, configuration management, quality assurance, and implementation and support of C2 net-centric military operations. This is one of six contracts awarded. All awardees will have the opportunity to compete for task orders during the ordering period. This two-year contract includes four two-year options which, if exercised, would bring the overall, cumulative value of this contract to an estimated $93,030,165. All work will be performed in San Diego, California, and is expected to be completed May 6, 2021. If the options are exercised, the period of performance would extend through May 6, 2029. A guarantee of $10,000 using fiscal 2019 working capital (Navy) funds will be obligated at the time of award. Funds will be obligated as task orders are issued using research, development, test and evaluation (Navy); operations and maintenance (Navy); other procurement (Navy); shipbuilding construction (Navy); and working capital fund (Navy). This contract was competitively procured via a request for proposal (N66001-18-R-0002) and publication on the Federal Business Opportunities website and the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command e-Commerce Central website. Fourteen offers were received and six were selected for award. Naval Information Warfare Center Pacific, San Diego, California, is the contracting activity (N66001-19-D-0061). United Technologies Corp., Pratt & Whitney Engines, East Hartford, Connecticut, is awarded $55,675,476 for modification P00005 to a previously awarded fixed-price-incentive-firm contract (N00019-18-C-1021). This modification provides additional funding for F135 long lead items to support the production delivery schedule, exercises an option for additional initial spare parts, and provides program administrative labor for the global spares pool in support the Navy; Air Force, and Marine Corps, non-U. S. Department of Defense (DoD) participants and Foreign Military Sales (FMS) customers. Work will be performed in East Hartford, Connecticut (67 percent); Indianapolis, Indiana (26.5 percent); and Bristol, United Kingdom (6.5 percent), and is expected to be completed in April 2022. Fiscal 2019 aircraft procurement (Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps); non-U.S. DoD participant and FMS funds in the amount of $55,675,476 will be obligated at time of award, none of which will expire at the end of the current fiscal year. This effort combines purchases for the Navy ($4,161,749; 7.5 percent); Air Force ($3,116,792; 5.6 percent); Marine Corps ($556,570; 1.0 percent); non-U.S. DoD participants ($24,899,106; 44.7 percent); and FMS Customers ($22,941,259; 41.2 percent). The Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, Maryland, is the contracting activity. Data Intelligence LLC,* Marlton, New Jersey, is awarded a $48,103,672 indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity, cost-plus-fixed-fee, multiple-award contract to provide command and control (C2) technologies and capabilities in the areas of innovative science and technology research, systems engineering, architecture, design, development, integration, testing, configuration management, quality assurance, and implementation and support of C2 net-centric military operations. This is one of six contracts awarded. All awardees will have the opportunity to compete for task orders during the ordering period. This two-year contract includes four two-year options which, if exercised, would bring the overall, cumulative value of this contract to an estimated $93,030,165. All work will be performed in San Diego, California, and is expected to be completed May 6, 2021. If the options are exercised, the period of performance would extend through May 6, 2029. A guarantee of $10,000 using fiscal 2019 working capital (Navy) funds will be obligated at the time of award. Funds will be obligated as task orders are issued using research, development, test and evaluation (Navy); operations and maintenance (Navy); other procurement (Navy), shipbuilding construction (Navy); and working capital fund (Navy). This contract was competitively procured via a request for proposal (N66001-18-R-0002) and publication on the Federal Business Opportunities website and the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command e-Commerce Central website. Fourteen offers were received and six were selected for award. Naval Information Warfare Center Pacific, San Diego, California, is the contracting activity (N66001-19-D-0057). Black Construction/MACE International JV, Harmon, Guam, is awarded a $29,877,000 firm-fixed-price contract for the construction of a three-megawatt photovoltaic electrical generation system at Naval Support Facility (NSF) Diego Garcia. The work to be performed provides for the construction (design-bid-build) of a three-megawatt photovoltaic electrical generation system and the supporting electrical distribution system upgrades required to interconnect the photovoltaic array with the existing NSF Diego Garcia. The project will also include site preparation, fencing, perimeter lighting and a ground cover system. Work will be performed in Diego Garcia, British Indian Ocean Territories and is expected to be completed by June 2021. Fiscal 2015 military construction (Department of Defense) contract funds in the amount of $29,877,000 are obligated on this award and will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. This contract was competitively procured via the Federal Business Opportunities website with one proposal received. The Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Pacific, Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam, Hawaii, is the contracting activity (N62742-19-C-1324). Nathan Kunes Inc.,* San Diego, California, is awarded a $13,681,778 indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity cost-plus-fixed-fee contract for development, implementation and testing of computer network defense measures; development of wireless computing security, cross-domain solutions, and vulnerability assessments; and system and security engineering to evaluate commercial information assurance products. This two-year contract includes one three-year option which, if exercised, would bring the cumulative value of this contract to an estimated $35,236,186. All work will be performed in San Diego, California. The period of performance of the base award is from May 7, 2019, through May 6, 2021. If the option is exercised, the period of performance would extend through May 6, 2024. No funds will be obligated at the time of award. Funds will be obligated as task orders are issued using operations and maintenance (Navy); other procurement (Navy); and research, development, test and evaluation (Navy). This contract was competitively procured via request for proposal N66001-18-R-0351 which was published on the Federal Business Opportunities website and the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command e-Commerce Central website. Two offers were received and one was selected for award. The Naval Information Warfare Center Pacific, San Diego, California, is the contracting activity (N66001-19-D-0089). BAE Systems, Information and Electronics Systems Integration Inc., Hudson, New Hampshire, is awarded $10,853,462 for cost-plus-fixed-fee delivery order N0001919F0019 against a previously issued basic ordering agreement (N00019-16-G-0021) for the upgrade of the Advanced Precision Kill Weapon System (APKWS) guidance section. This delivery order provides for non-recurring tasks to combine the Rotary Wing APKWS II and the Fixed Wing APKWS II Guidance Sections into one hardware and software solution. Work will be performed in Hudson, New Hampshire (93 percent); and Austin, Texas (7 percent), and is expected to be completed in April 2021. Fiscal 2018 and 2019 procurement of ammunition (Navy and Marine Corps) funds in the amount of $10,853,462 will be obligated at time of award, none of which will expire at the end of the fiscal year. The Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, Maryland, is the contracting activity. DEFENSE LOGISTICS AGENCY San Antonio Lighthouse for the Blind,** San Antonio, Texas, has been awarded a maximum $11,295,446 modification (P000013) exercising the second one-year option period of a one-year base contract (SPE1C1-17-D-B024) with two one-year option periods for flame resistant, operational camouflage pattern, intermediate weather outer layer trousers. This is a firm-fixed price, indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity contract. Location of performance is Texas, with an Oct. 31, 2020, performance completion date. Using military service is Army. Type of appropriation is fiscal 2019 through 2020 defense working capital funds. The contracting activity is the Defense Logistics Agency Troop Support, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. UPDATE: Federal Contracts Corp., Tampa, Florida (SPE8EC-19-D-0040), has been added as an awardee to the multiple-award contract supplying felling trailers for commercial trucks and trailers, issued against solicitation SPE8EC-17-R-0008, announced April 20, 2017. *Small business **Mandatory source https://dod.defense.gov/News/Contracts/Contract-View/Article/1840893/source/GovDelivery/