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November 8, 2019 | International, Aerospace

Le drone tactique Patroller très proche de sa première livraison

Par Michel Cabirol

Le drone tactique Patroller, qui doit être livré très prochainement à l'armée de Terre, devrait être armé d'une roquette guidée laser de 68 mm. Safran a reçu de la DGA une étude de levée de risques pour armer le Patroller.

Tic-tac, tic-tac, tic-tac... La livraison du drone tactique Patroller est désormais une question de semaines. Prévue initialement le 22 novembre, elle a été très légèrement reportée à début décembre en raison de l'encombrement du trafic aérien à Istres, où le premier système (5 avions et deux stations sol) doit être remis à l'armée de Terre à l'issue d'une série de vols. Une fois le système testé à Istres, il sera rapatrié dare-dare à Chaumont où les créneaux de vol sont beaucoup plus simples à gérer pour l'armée de Terre, qui va devoir s'approprier ce nouveau système d'arme. Le Patroller est attendu sur les thé'tres d'opération mi-2021, et notamment sur la bande sahélo-saharienne (BSS).

Le Patroller sera la "rolls" de l'armée de Terre. Équipé d'une boule optronique gyrostabilisée dernier cri, ce drone tactique vise à répondre aux missions de renseignement au profit des unités tactiques de l'armée de Terre en leur offrant une capacité de surveillance, d'acquisition, de reconnaissance et de renseignement (SA2R). Ce système d'observation est capable de détecter, d'identifier et de localiser, de jour comme de nuit, dans un champ atteignant presque 360°, tous les éléments observés sur une portée de 150 km (14 heures d'autonomie). "Il permet ainsi, presque immédiatement, de décrire une éventuelle unité ennemie, avait confirmé en juin dernier le général Jean-Pierre Bosser, qui était encore chef d'état-major de l'armée de Terre. Voilà un progrès essentiel apporté par la troisième dimension à l'armée de terre".

Le Patroller armé d'une roquette guidée laser

Une bonne nouvelle peut en cacher une autre. Safran a récemment obtenu la notification d'un contrat d'une durée de 18 mois pour une étude de levée de risques pour l'armement du Patroller, selon des sources concordantes. L'armée de Terre avait fortement plaidé pour armer le Patroller. "Pour les militaires l'armement des drones était depuis longtemps considéré comme une nécessité. (...) Nous avons clairement affirmé le besoin d'armer le Patroller", avait indiqué en mai 2018 lors d'une audition à l'Assemblée nationale le général Charles Beaudouin, sous-chef d'état-major chargé des plans et des programmes de l'état-major de l'armée de Terre. Le choix s'est porté sur la roquette guidée laser de 68mm de Thales, qui équipe déjà l'hélicoptère Tigre. Elle a été préférée à la version sol-air du missile MMP, le MHT de MBDA.

Pourquoi ? La roquette guidée laser est dimensionnée aux besoins de l'armée de Terre en étant parfaitement adaptée à des objectifs rencontrés par le Patroller lors de ses missions de surveillance pour réaliser des tirs sur des cibles d'opportunité (pick-up, sniper...). La roquette est également beaucoup moins chère et plus légère que le MMP et son poste de tir. Ce dernier point permet d'optimiser l'autonomie du Patroller, qui un outil de gestion de crise. Enfin, la solution MMP, qui traite des cibles plus importantes (char, bunker...), aurait été plus compliquée techniquement à mettre au point en raison de son guidage (fibre optique).

Bloqué par la direction générale de l'armement (DGA) en rétorsion aux retards du Patroller, cette étude de levée de risque était attendue depuis deux ans environ. C'était il y a deux ans déjà en septembre 2017 que la ministre des Armées Florence Parly avait annoncé dans un discours devenu fameux sa décision d'armer les drones Reaper français. "Deux ans de perdu", soupire une source interrogée par La Tribune. Aujourd'hui le Patroller armé est attendu au sein de l'armée de Terre en 2023

https://www.latribune.fr/entreprises-finance/industrie/aeronautique-defense/le-drone-tactique-patroller-tres-proche-de-sa-premiere-livraison-832585.html

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