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September 14, 2018 | International, Aerospace

Le contrat Rafale en Inde est-il menacé ?

Par Vincent Lamigeon

Le parti du Congrès, principal parti d'opposition en Inde, attaque durement les conditions du contrat pour 36 Rafale signé par Delhi en 2016. Le camp français évoque une polémique liée au contexte électoral. Et affirme toujours croire à un contrat de 114 avions supplémentaires.

"L'affaire Rafale". C'est devenu l'obsession de Rahul Gandhi, leader du parti du Congrès, à l'approche des élections de mai 2019. Depuis novembre 2017, le dirigeant du principal parti d'opposition indien a fait du contrat pour 36 Rafale, signé par Delhi en septembre 2016, l'aiguillon de son offensive contre le premier ministre, le nationaliste hindou Narendra Modi. Gandhi évoque carrément une "escroquerie", accusant le gouvernement d'avoir favorisé un industriel proche du pouvoir, le patron du conglomérat Reliance, Anil Ambani. Ce groupe, jusqu'alors absent du secteur de la défense, avait été choisi par Dassault comme partenaire local pour remporter le contrat. "Un capitalisme de copinage", selon Rahul Gandhi, qui a multiplié ces dernières semaines les manifestations contre le contrat Rafale.

L'accord pour 36 appareils pourrait-il être menacé ? Peu probable. Certes, un certain malaise est palpable. La visite à Paris de la ministre de la Défense indienne Nirmala Sitharaman, prévue ces prochains jours, a été reportée sine die, signe de la gêne persistante autour du sujet. Le passage du détachement Pégase de l'armée de l'air française en Inde (3 Rafale, un A400M, un C-135 et 130 aviateurs) début septembre a été accueilli avec un certain embarras par les responsables indiens. Un vol en Rafale de l'ambassadeur français a été annulé, de même que le survol du Taj Mahal par un A400M et le vol d'aviateurs indiens en place arrière sur les Rafale français.

Contexte pré-électoral

Pour autant, une dénonciation du contrat apparaît très improbable. L'armée de l'air indienne s'est même livrée à une défense en règle du contrat le 12 septembre. Dans un document dévoilé par le site indien LiveFist, elle assure que "l'Inde a obtenu le Rafale au meilleur prix" et "avec les meilleurs armements du marché". Le patron de l'armée de l'air indienne B.S. Dhanoa a même assuré que les "chasseurs high-tech Rafale" étaient plus que jamais nécessaires pour faire face aux menaces pakistanaise et chinoise. Delhi attend ses appareils à partir de septembre 2019, avec des livraisons qui s'échelonneront jusqu'à 2022.

Article complet: https://www.challenges.fr/entreprise/le-contrat-rafale-en-inde-est-il-menace_612305

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