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November 5, 2020 | International, Naval

La France choisit Thales pour son système de lutte anti-mines du futur

SIMON CHODORGE , , , ,

PUBLIÉ LE 04/11/2020 À 08H08, MIS À JOUR LE 04/11/2020 À 09H17

Le gouvernement a annoncé le 3 novembre le lancement de la réalisation du système de lutte anti-mines futur (ou SLAM-F). Thales a déjà construit un prototype dans le cadre de ce programme d'armement innovant.

Le système de lutte anti-mines futur (ou SLAM-F) se précise. Mardi 3 novembre, le gouvernement a officialisé “le lancement en réalisation” du programme d'armement. Dès 2022, la Marine nationale s'équipera de drones sous-marins et de surface pour affronter la guerre des mines.

À quoi va servir le SLAM-F ?

“Le SLAM-F remplacera à terme tous les moyens actuels de guerre des mines (chasseurs de mines tripartites, b'timents remorqueurs de sonars, b'timents bases de plongeurs démineurs)”, rappelle le ministère des Armées dans un communiqué. Concrètement, il permettra aux forces françaises de neutraliser des mines à distance à l'aide de drones, afin de ne plus exposer des plongeurs ou des marins.

“Ce système nous permettra de détecter des objets de la taille d'une carte bleue – c'est 30 fois plus petit qu'avec nos moyens actuels. Notre capacité de détection et de neutralisation ira jusqu'à 300 mètres de fond, contre seulement une centaine de mètres avec nos moyens actuels", détaillait la ministre des Armées, Florence Parly, lors d'un discours en mai.

Les drones démineurs du programme auront notamment pour mission d'assurer la sécurité d'unités stratégiques de l'armée française : celle des sous-marins nucléaires lanceurs d'engins (SNLE), piliers de la dissuasion nucléaire, ou encore celle du porte-avions Charles de Gaulle. Le ministère des Armées mentionne aussi des usages pour protéger l'accès aux ports français, soutenir le déploiement d'une force d'action navale, sécuriser l'évacuation de ressortissants français ou participer à la prévention de crises.

Un programme d'armement à plusieurs étages

Comme le système de combat aérien du futur (SCAF), le SLAM-F comportera plusieurs volets. Au coeur de cette architecture, on retrouve des systèmes de drones capables d'être opérés depuis la terre ferme ou depuis un navire militaire dédié. La France et le Royaume-Uni collaborent depuis 2012 sur ce volet baptisé MMCM (pour “Maritime mines counter measures”).

En 2015, le groupe français de défense Thales avait été désigné chef de fil industriel de ce volet. “L'étude de définition et la réalisation des prototypes du système de drones ont été confiés à Thales, dont la société Études et constructions aéronautiques [ECA, filiale du groupe Gorgé] sera le principal sous-traitant français”, confirme le ministère des Armées dans son communiqué.

Thales avait déjà testé un chasseur de mines ultra-moderne en 2019 en collaboration avec la Marine nationale. Le groupe français fait figure de champion dans ce domaine. "Plus de 30 marines dans le monde sont équipées de sonars de guerre des mines Thales", soulignait Florence Parly en mai.

Des livraisons prévues jusqu'en 2030

Le SLAM-F contient trois autres volets : des b'timents de guerre des mines (BGDM) dédiés à la conduite et à la mise en oeuvre des drones, des b'timents bases de plongeurs démineurs nouvelle génération (BBPD NG) et enfin un système d'exploitation des données de guerre des mines (SEDGM).

Dans son communiqué, le ministère ne nomme pas d'autres entreprises participant à ce projet. “L'organisation industrielle de SLAM-F sera progressivement définie lors de l'attribution des marchés afférents aux différents volets du programme”, indique simplement le gouvernement.

Le calendrier du SLAM-F prévoit la livraison de huit systèmes de drones anti-mines à partir de 2022. À l'horizon 2030, quatre à six BGDM devraient compléter les flottes françaises avec cinq BBPD NG.

https://www.usinenouvelle.com/editorial/la-france-choisit-thales-pour-son-systeme-de-lutte-anti-mines-du-futur.N1024039

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