America needs to lead in drone warfare

On the same subject

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  September 24, 2018 | International, Naval

  4 questions with analyst and retired Marine Lt. Col. Dakota Wood

  By: David B. Larter WASHINGTON — The U.S. Marine Corps is facing the same issue as the rest of the armed forces: figuring out how to fight inside the envelope of Chinese long-range missiles in what is known as the anti-access, area denial environment of the South and East China seas. As the Navy and Marine Corps seek to protect sea lanes, allies and U.S. interests, their solution to their shared problem is to spread out, cause chaos and put strain on China's ability to target U.S. forces and sustain operations on multiple fronts. Defense News caught up with retired Marine Lt. Col. Dakota Wood, now an analyst with The Heritage Foundation, to see how the Corps is tackling the issue. As the Marines confront the challenge of fighting in the Pacific again, what are the top priorities for modernization? There are two parts to that. What are their priorities? Well the amphibious combat vehicle, unmanned capabilities overall and completing fielding of the F-35B. So that's the easy stuff: air, ground and unmanned. They are pursuing upgrades for infantrymen — rifles, optics and communications — but that is always ongoing. What I think is more interesting is how do those relate to the unfolding vision of what future Marine Corps should be. I don't think we've figured that out yet. Just as in World War II, the Navy and Marine Corps are uniquely set up for operations in the Pacific theater, but you have to get close to fight. What progress are the Marine Corps and Navy making in solving that problem? The chief of naval operations has specifically stated the dependency the Navy has on the Marine Corps to create those opportunities. The question is: How do you disrupt the enemy's posture, present multiple dilemmas to the enemy? A Marine landing force on an island or feature has to present a problem to the enemy that is credible — anti-ship cruise missiles, short-range air defense, a sensor node contributing to the air or surface picture. It has to be able to thin out the enemy's fire power, sensor grid and attention span to give the Navy the chance to get inside the envelope, close and have an impact. So how does the Marine Corps get there? It has huge implications for organizational design to get these smaller units where they need to be in a distributed environment. So it's about connectors and how do you resupply those forces. Unmanned systems? Are amphibious combat vehicles relevant in that environment? It has an impact on ships as well. So far, the Navy has been building big ships. And in this budget environment, will they be able to build enough to support that kind of operation? How do you distribute a force to pose a dilemma for your adversary? There is a gap between current modernization efforts and what needs to be there. What's the answer? To get where you need to be requires extensive experimentation and trying new things. That's the critical shortfall for the Navy and the Marine Corps. https://www.defensenews.com/digital-show-dailies/modern-day-marine/2018/09/24/4-questions-with-analyst-and-retired-marine-lt-col-dakota-wood

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  October 7, 2020 | International, Aerospace, Security

  Rafale: Vers un nouveau contrat en Inde ?

  Yannick Genty-Boudry L'Indian Air Force étudie la possibilité d'acquérir deux escadrons de Dassault Rafale supplémentaires. Inde: 36 Rafale de plus ? Lors de sa conférence de presse annuelle du lundi 4 octobre, l'Air Chief Marshal Bhadauria a déclaré que l'Indian Air Force étudiait la possibilité de commander 2 escadrons supplémentaires d'avions de combat Dassault Rafale. Même si pour le moment la priorité serait consacrée à l'acquisition des 83 LCA MK1A nationaux, Bhadauria a indiqué que dans un second temps l'Indian Air Force devra se prononcer soit vers la poursuite du programme MRFA (Multi-Role Fighter Aircraft) qui oppose plusieurs compétiteurs pour la livraison de 114 avions de combat, soit vers l'acquisition en gré à gré de 36 Rafale supplémentaires. Choix politique Mais même dans l'hypothèse de la poursuite de MRFA, le Rafale resterait le grand favori. Non seulement pour des raisons opérationnelles, puisqu'en en 2023 les 36 Rafale acquis par Delhi en 2016 seront totalement déployés au sein de l'IAF, mais surtout financières. Les prochains appareils proposés seront en effet moins coûteux que lors de la première acquisition dans la mesure où en 2016 l'IAF avait exigé des modifications lourdes de l'appareil, nécessitant une enveloppe de 1,7 Geur pour mener à bien les travaux de R&D, d'intégration, et de certification associés. Aussi, il est fortement probable que les aviateurs indiens cherchent à capitaliser sur cet investissement. Menace nucléaire En outre, en cas d'urgence opérationnelle le gouvernement indien recourt fréquemment aux acquisitions en gré à gré, et surtout lorsqu'il s'agit d'appareils déjà déployés dans les forces et construits localement. Un scénario qui s'est encore reproduit l'été dernier avec l'acquisition auprès des russes de 12 SU-30 MKI et de 21 Mig-29 d'occasion. Or une nouvelle menace inquiète particulièrement le gouvernement indien depuis quelques semaines. En raison des tensions dans l'Himalaya, Pékin a récemment déployé sur la base de Kachgar située à 625 km de Leh, la capitale du Ladakh indien, 6 bombardiers lourds H-6 de nouvelle génération capables de délivrer à distance de sécurité des missiles de croisière KD-20, mais aussi prochainement des missiles balistiques à charge nucléaire. Cette capacité qui menace déjà une grande partie des centres stratégiques indiens, n'en est pourtant qu'à ses prémisses puisque la Chine est en train de reconstituer, précisément au travers de ces bombardiers, une triade nucléaire. Une triade sans commune mesure avec ce dont elle disposait lors de la guerre froide. Or de tous les avions en compétition sur le marché indien, seul le Rafale a depuis son origine été spécifié pour répondre à un tel défi. Nous reviendrons longuement sur les nouvelles capacités nucléaires de l'armée de l'air chinoise dans le numéro d'Air&Cosmos qui sera publié le 15 octobre prochain. https://www.air-cosmos.com/article/rafale-vers-un-nouveau-contrat-en-inde-23701

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  June 4, 2020 | International, Naval

  Naval sales buoy French arms exports in new tally

  By: Christina Mackenzie PARIS – France remained in the world's top five defense exporters in 2019 with €8.3 billion ($9.3 billion) worth of contracts signed, notably with European partners Belgium, the Netherlands, Hungary and Spain, according to a defense ministry report published this week. Half of these contracts were in the naval sector, a very sharp rise from the average 10 percent this sector represented in the past. The contract to replace the mine-hunters for the navies of Belgium and the Netherlands, a program piloted by Belgium on behalf of the two nations, accounted for more than 40 percent of naval sector sales. These sales also partially explain the very sharp rise in 2019 of exports to EU member states: 42 percent of the total, a figure that rises to almost 45 percent if one includes European non-EU members, compared to 25 percent in 2018 and an average 10-15 percent in previous years. The next major export client was the United Arab Emirates (with the Gowind corvette contract) but the 30 percent share of exports in the Africa/Middle East zone was 20 points down compared to 2018 but also compared to the average of the past decade. The report notes that France's exports are, above all, aimed at preserving its own security by establishing bilateral cooperations with European countries and strengthening transatlantic ties. The bilateral cooperations are high-level, long-term, intergovernmental agreements and exports to help the partner nations strengthen and adapt their military capacity. The sale of 16 H225M helicopters and 20 H145M helicopters to Hungary, of two telecommunication satellites to Spain and of the mine-hunters to Belgium and the Netherlands illustrate this philosophy. These exports are on par with those of the past decade “and were obtained in a particularly competitive context with the confirmation of U.S. supremacy and the emergence of new major exporters (notably China).” The parliamentary report also notes that Russia “occupies a very strong position on markets with limited financial resources [...] notably to conquer clients outside its traditional sphere of influence. Over the past few years, Russia has strengthened its position on the Asian markets, in the Middle-East and in north Africa.” There were 4,634 export licenses delivered in 2019, either for transfer of equipment (within the European Union) or for export (to all non-EU countries). But each license does not necessarily mean that an export took place, they merely give the framework for the authorization and establish the conditions for the export. Twenty-five license requests were turned down and some 110 were withdrawn by the applicant. https://www.defensenews.com/global/europe/2020/06/03/naval-sales-buoy-french-arms-exports-in-new-tally/