12 février 2018 | International, Aérospatial, Naval, Terrestre, C4ISR, Sécurité
Par Vincent Lamigeon
Près de 300 milliards d'euros en sept ans pour les armées. La loi de programmation militaire 2019-2025 présentée le 8 février marque une remontée en puissance financière inédite depuis la fin de la Guerre froide. Le budget militaire doit ainsi passer de 34,2 milliards d'euros en 2018 à 50 milliards d'euros en 2025, pour atteindre les fameux 2% du PIB promis par Emmanuel Macron lors de sa campagne. L'augmentation se fera en deux temps : 1,7 milliard d'euros de plus par an jusqu'à 2022, puis 3 milliards par an de 2023 à 2025, avec un ajustement possible des deux dernières annuités en fonction de la situation économique.
Que penser de cette "LPM de renouveau", selon les termes du ministère des armées ? A l'évidence, il s'agit d'un effort majeur. Sur la période 2019-2023, le budget moyen du ministère atteindra 39,6 milliards d'euros, soit 23% de plus que la moyenne 2014-2019. Les effectifs des armées vont repartir à la hausse, avec 6.000 postes en plus, dont 3.000 d'ici à 2023. L'hémorragie qui avait vu la défense perdre 60.000 postes de 2005 à 2015 est donc stoppée, avec une priorité marquée pour le renseignement (+ 1.500 postes et 4,6 milliards d'euros investis d'ici à 2025) et la cyberdéfense (+ 1.000 postes, 1,6 milliard d'euros). Même le général Pierre de Villiers, qui avait démissionné en juillet à la suite d'un désaccord budgétaire avec l'Elysée, a salué sur France 3 "une dynamique réelle", tout en se disant vigilant sur le respect des engagements.
La force de cette LPM est d'avoir su trancher sur un point majeur : plutôt que de lancer des grands programmes, type second porte-avions, à forte résonance médiatique mais répondant moins aux besoins opérationnels immédiats, la loi se concentre sur la régénération des hommes et des matériels. Ceux-ci ont été durement éprouvés par des opérations extérieures et intérieures qui dépassent de 30% le niveau prévu par le Livre blanc de 2013. Priorité est donc donnée à la condition de vie des militaires et de leurs familles : 530 millions dans le cadre du "plan familles", et 11 milliards d'euros prévus pour les infrastructures de défense. L'effort est aussi sensible sur les petits équipements, peu médiatisés mais essentiels à la mission des soldats : treillis ignifugés, gilets pare-balles, casques, protection NRBC (nucléaire, radiologique, bactériologique et chimique). La maintenance, talon d'Achille des armées fraises est également soignée, avec 22 milliards d'euros consacrés à l'entretien des matériels d'ici à 2023.
L'autre grande priorité de la LPM est le renouvellement d'équipements hors d''ge. Le programme Scorpion de renouvellement des blindés de l'armée de terre voit ainsi ses livraisons accélérées : 50% des véhicules multi-rôles Griffon et des engins de combats Jaguar seront livrés d'ici à 2025. Ceux-ci remplaceront les antiques VAB et autres AMX 10RC, même si plusieurs centaines de ces machines seront toujours en service en 2025. La Marine ? Elle se verra livrer quatre pétroliers ravitailleurs au lieu de trois, et aura droit à trois avions de patrouille maritime Atlantique 2 rénovés en plus (18 au lieu de 15). Côté armée de l'air, la commande d'avions ravitailleurs A330 MRTT passe de 12 à 15 exemplaires, dont une douzaine livrée d'ici à 2023. Ces appareils remplaceront les antiques C135FR, livrés en 1965.
Conformément au souhait d'Emmanuel Macron, le renouvellement de la dissuasion, dans ses deux composantes océanique et aéroportée, est aussi acté, un investissement de 25 milliards d'euros en cinq ans à la clé. Cette accélération permettra de financer le renouvellement du missile ASMP/A embarqué sur Rafale, le lancement du développement des nouveaux sous-marins lanceurs d'engins (SNLE 3G) et du futur missile balistique M51-3. Le coût annuel de la dissuasion va ainsi passer de 3,9 milliards à environ 6 milliards en 2025. La LPM marque enfin un effort important sur le segment spatial : 3 satellites d'observation CSO et un satellite d'écoute électromagnétique CERES seront mis sur orbite d'ici à 2025.
L'effort financier énorme de la LPM a convaincu les industriels. "Ce projet de LPM marque un effort important de la nation pour ses armées", se félicite Eric Trappier, PDG de Dassault Aviation et président du Cidef (Conseil des industries de défense françaises), rappelant que cet investissement est le garant de l'"autonomie stratégique française", et de la santé d'une filière "compétitive, innovante, exportatrice et créatrice d'emplois stables à forte valeur ajoutée technologique (200.000 emplois environ)".
A bien y regarder, la LPM laisse quand même quelques questions ouvertes. D'abord, une bonne part de l'effort financier est reportée 2023 et 2025, soit hors quinquennat. La hausse annuelle du budget de défense devra alors quasiment doubler, passant de +1,7 milliard par an à +3 milliards. "Cela crée un certain flou : où en sera la situation économique en 2023 ?, s'interroge le député LR François Cornut-Gentille, rapporteur spécial sur le budget défense au sein de la commission des finances de l'Assemblée nationale. Il aurait fallu une montée en puissance plus progressive, avec une plus grande part focalisée sur le quinquennat actuel." De fait, la LPM ne précise pas le niveau exact des budgets militaires 2024 et 2025, qui devront prendre en compte "la situation macroéconomique à cette date". Cette précision ressemble fort à une porte ouverte à Bercy, qui n'en demandait pas tant.
Autre faiblesse de la LPM : de nombreuses commandes et livraisons d'équipements sont prévues après 2022, voire après 2025, ce qui jette un doute sur leur confirmation. C'est le cas du programme dit HIL (hélicoptères interarmées légers) : ce nouvel appareil, basé sur le H160 d'Airbus Helicopters, devait remplacer trois flottes d'hélicoptères hors d''ge (Fennec, Alouette III...). Les armées devront attendre : le lancement du programme n'est annoncé qu'en 2022, pour de premières livraisons en 2028.
La LPM semble avoir aussi fermé la porte à une demande de l'armée de l'air de passer de 185 avions de chasse à 215 appareils. Le projet de loi prévoit un format qui restera à 185 appareils à l'horizon 2030. Cette prudence se retrouve dans les faibles livraisons de Rafale prévues : seulement 28 appareils destinés à l'armée de l'air et à la marine seront livrés en 7 ans, soit seulement 4 par an en moyenne. L'armée de l'air pourra un peu se consoler avec la rénovation de 55 Mirage 2000D.
Une autre grosse déception concerne le financement des études amont. Le montant annuel doit passer de 730 millions à 1 milliard d'euros, mais cette augmentation sera étalée sur cinq ans. Cet effort apparaît trop modeste au vu des enjeux des armées à l'horizon 2030, notamment sur l'intelligence artificielle et la robotisation. Une DARPA à la française (ou à l'européenne), du nom de la cellule d'innovation avancée du Pentagone, ne serait pas de trop pour faire face aux ambitions américaines, russes ou chinoises.
24 avril 2024 | International, Aérospatial
The decision marks the service’s most significant step yet as it aims to create a series of drones using autonomous software to fly alongside piloted jets.
11 décembre 2020 | International, Aérospatial, Naval, Terrestre, C4ISR, Sécurité
NAVY BAE Systems Land and Armaments L.P., Sterling Heights, Michigan, is awarded an $184,444,865 fixed-price-incentive (firm target) modification to previously awarded contract M67854-16-0006 for amphibious combat vehicles (ACV). This modification provides for the procurement of 36 full rate production ACVs and other associated production costs for the Marine Corps. Work will be performed in York, Pennsylvania (60%); Aiken, South Carolina (15%); San Jose, California (15%); Sterling Heights, Michigan (5%); and Stafford, Virginia (5%). Work is expected to be completed in November 2022. Fiscal 2021 procurement (Marine Corps) funds in the amount of $184,444,865 are being obligated at the time of award, none of which will expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Marine Corps Systems Command, Quantico, Virginia, is the contracting activity (M67854-16-C-0006). Raytheon Space and Airborne Systems, Marlborough, Massachusetts, is awarded a $91,296,293 modification to a previously awarded Navy multiband terminals (NMT) firm-fixed-price contract to increase the ceiling and extend the engineering support services contract line item numbers to address obsolescence issues and other in-scope engineering service efforts over a three-year period. NMT is a multiband capable satellite communications terminal that provides protected and wideband communications. Work will be performed in Largo, Florida (54%); South Deerfield, Massachusetts (25%); Stow, Massachusetts (13%); Marlborough, Massachusetts (8%), and is expected to be completed by December 2023. No funds were obligated at the issuance of this contract modification. This sole-source contract was not competitively procured in accordance with 10 U.S. Code 2304(c)(1). The Naval Information Warfare Systems Command, San Diego, California, is the contracting activity (N00039-16-C-0050). Raytheon Missiles and Defense, Marlborough, Massachusetts, is awarded a $38,786,218 firm-fixed-price and cost-plus-fixed-fee modification to previously awarded contract N00024-19-C-5112 for the production of two Fire Control System MK 99 ship sets and the associated technical engineering services in support of the Aegis Combat System on DDG-51 class ships. Work will be performed in Andover, Massachusetts (81%); Marlborough, Massachusetts (10%); Chesapeake, Virginia (3%); Portsmouth, Rhode Island (3%); San Diego, California (2%); and Burlington, Massachusetts (1%), and is expected to be completed by August 2024. Fiscal 2020 shipbuilding and conversion (Navy) funds in the amount of $38,786,218 will be obligated at the time of award and will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Sea Systems Command, Washington, D.C., is the contracting activity. Pacific Architects and Engineers Applied Technologies LLC, Fort Worth, Texas, is awarded a $30,969,685 cost-plus-fixed-fee, cost reimbursable contract. This contract provides for the procurement of various types of support including system operations, laboratory and field testing, marine operations and target support services, engineering, range sustainability, maintenance, data reduction and analysis. Work will be performed in Patuxent River, Maryland, and is expected to be completed in April 2021. Fiscal 2021 research, development, test and evaluation (Navy) funds in the amount of $9,957,500; and fiscal 2021 working capital (Navy) funds in the amount of $501,000 will be obligated at time of award, $501,000 of which will expire at the end of the current fiscal year. This contract was not competitively procured pursuant to 10 U.S. Code 2304(c)(1). The Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division, Patuxent River, Maryland, is the contracting activity (N00421-21-C-0011). DCS Corp., Alexandria, Virginia, is awarded a $27,750,407 cost-plus-fixed-fee, cost-reimbursable, indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity contract. This contract provides for design, development, integration, test, evaluation, installation, maintenance, configuration management and logistics in support of the Air Traffic Control and Landing Systems Division systems and equipment. Work will be performed in Saint Inigoes, Maryland (80%); and Lexington Park, Maryland (20%), and is expected to be completed in December 2025. No funds will be obligated at the time of award. Funds will be obligated on individual orders as they are issued. This contract was competitively procured via an electronic request for proposal; one offer was received. The Naval Air Warfare Command Aircraft Division, Patuxent River, Maryland, is the contracting activity (N00421-21-D-0011). Fincantieri Marine Systems North America Inc., Chesapeake, Virginia, is awarded a $13,343,620 modification to exercise Option Year Four of previously awarded firm-fixed price, indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity contract N55236-17-D-0009 to provide maintenance support for the Mine Countermeasure-1 Class main propulsion diesel engine and ship service diesel generator. The overall total contract value ceiling remains unchanged at $86,268,629. Work will be performed in the homeports of Sasebo, Japan; and Manama, Bahrain, and ports-of-call as required according to individual task orders, and is scheduled to be completed by January 2022. No funding is being obligated at time of award. The Southwest Regional Maintenance Center, San Diego, California, is the contracting activity. U.S. SPECIAL OPERATIONS COMMAND Raytheon Technologies, McKinney, Texas (H92408-21-D-0001), was awarded a $99,000,000 cost-plus-fixed-fee, firm-fixed-price, time and materials, cost reimbursement, no-fee contract for the procurement of Next-Generation Special Mission Processors (NextGen SMP) in support of U.S. Special Operations Command (USSOCOM) requirements. NextGen SMP enable Special Operations Forces tactical mission systems to integrate with AC/MC-130J aircraft controls and provide future software capabilities. Fiscal 2021 research, development, test and evaluation funds in the amount of $1,692,070; and procurement funds in the amount of $8,245,404 are being obligated at time of award. The work is expected to be completed by December 2027. This action is a follow-on production contract in accordance with 10 U.S. Code § 2371b (f) authorized or required by statue. USSOCOM, Tampa, Florida, is the contracting activity. AIR FORCE Northrop Grumman Systems Corp., Hill Air Force Base, Utah, has been awarded a $73,194,742 firm-fixed-price delivery order under the Ground Subsystems Sustainment contract FA8214-15-D-0001 for Remote Visual Assessment II production and deployment for the Minutemen III. This delivery order provides for modification to the Remote Visual Assessment program by adding six capabilities to procure, produce, remove, install, audit, test and document the equipment. Work will be performed at Malmstrom Air Force Base, Montana; Minot AFB, North Dakota; and F.E. Warren AFB, Wyoming, and is expected to be completed July 31, 2023. This award is the result of a sole-source acquisition. Fiscal 2020 missile procurement funds in the amount of $1,140,137 are being obligated at the time of award. The Air Force Nuclear Weapons Center, Hill AFB, Utah, is the contracting activity (FA8214-21-F-0078). DEFENSE LOGISTICS AGENCY Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics Inc., Raritan, New Jersey, has been awarded a maximum $49,500,000 fixed-price with economic-price-adjustment, indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity contract for laboratory supplies and wares. This was a competitive acquisition with one response received. This is a five-year contract with no option periods. Location of performance is New Jersey, with a Dec. 9, 2025, ordering period end date. Using customers are Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps and federal civilian agencies. Type of appropriation is fiscal 2021 through 2026 defense working capital funds. The contracting activity is the Defense Logistics Agency Troop Support, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (SPE2DE-21-D-0007). ARMY ORBCOMM Inc., Rochelle Park, New Jersey, was awarded a $45,611,528 firm-fixed-price contract for next-generation transponders. Bids were solicited via the internet with five received. Work locations and funding will be determined with each order, with an estimated completion date of Dec. 9, 2024. The U.S. Army Contracting Command, Rock Island Arsenal, Illinois, is the contracting activity (W52P1J-21-D-0007). RiverRestoration LLC,* Carbondale, Colorado, was awarded a $40,000,000 firm-fixed-price contract for civil works and hydrology and hydraulics services. Bids were solicited via the internet with 15 received. Work locations and funding will be determined with each order, with an estimated completion date of Dec. 10, 2025. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Albuquerque, New Mexico, is the contracting activity (W912PP-21-D-0002). Direct Steel and Construction,* Crystal Lake, Illinois, was awarded a $16,880,228 firm-fixed-price contract for construction of the 69th ADA Supply Support Activity warehouse at Fort Hood. Bids were solicited via the internet with three received. Work will be performed at Fort Hood, Texas, with an estimated completion date of June 15, 2022. Fiscal 2018 military construction (Army) funds in the amount of $16,880,228 were obligated at the time of the award. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Fort Worth, Texas, is the contracting activity (W9126G-21-C-0003). The Boeing Co., Mesa, Arizona, was awarded a $13,900,000 modification (P00066) to contract W58RGZ-16-C-0023 for software upgrades to the flight management computer for the AH-64E. Work will be performed in Mesa, Arizona, with an estimated completion date of Dec. 31, 2024. Fiscal 2020 aircraft procurement (Army) funds in the amount of $2,780,000 were obligated at the time of the award. The U.S. Army Contracting Command, Redstone Arsenal, Alabama, is the contracting activity. General Dynamics Information Technology Inc., Falls Church, Virginia, was awarded a $12,432,932 modification (P00017) to contract W81K04-18-C-0001 for specialty medical training, equipment/site maintenance and administration support services. Work will be performed in Dublin, California; Fort Gordon, Georgia; and Fort McCoy, Wisconsin, with an estimated completion date of Dec. 31, 2021. Fiscal 2021 and 2022 operation and maintenance (Army Reserve) funds in the amount of $12,432,932 were obligated at the time of the award. The U.S. Army Health Contracting Activity, San Antonio, Texas, is the contracting activity. Lockheed Martin Corp., Orlando, Florida, was awarded a $10,395,412 modification (P00044) to contract W31P4Q-19-C-0071 for engineering services in support of the Hellfire Missile and Joint-Air-to-Ground Missile. Work will be performed in Orlando, Florida, with an estimated completion date of May 9, 2022. Fiscal 2020 and 2021 missile procurement (Army); 2021 research, development, test and evaluation (Navy); and 2020 missile procurement (Air Force) funds in the amount of $10,395,412 were obligated at the time of the award. The U.S. Army Contracting Command, Redstone Arsenal, Alabama, is the contracting activity. WASHINGTON HEADQUARTERS SERVICES Millennium Enterprises, doing business as Millennium Health and Fitness Inc., Scottsdale, Arizona (HQ0034-21-D-0005), is awarded an indefinite-delivery/indefinitely-quantify contract with a maximum amount of $25,000,000. The Defense Civilian Personnel Advisory Service (DCPAS) has a requirement to procure wellness and health promotion support services. The principal objective is for the contractor to provide the necessary staff to operate and manage Department of Defense wellness fitness centers, as well as agency specific programs and services to meet customer needs. The contractor shall provide all personnel, equipment, supplies, facilities, transportation, tools, materials, supervision and other items and non-personal services necessary to perform wellness and health promotion services in support of DCPAS. Work performance will take place in the Northern Capital Region, including Arlington, Virginia; Crystal City, Virginia; and Washington, D.C. No funds will be obligated at time of the award. Appropriate fiscal operations and maintenance funds will be obligated on all subsequent task orders. The expected completion date is Dec. 9, 2025. Washington Headquarters Services, Arlington, Virginia, is the contracting activity. DEFENSE FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING SERVICE Kearney and Company PC, Alexandria, Virginia, is being awarded a labor-hour contract option with a maximum value of $10,160,250 for audit services of the Defense Health Program (DHP). Work will be performed in various locations including the DHP headquarters, Falls Church, Virginia, as well as other federal locations in Texas, Ohio, Indianapolis, Maryland, Colorado, New York and Maine, with an expected completion date of Dec. 31, 2021. This contract is the result of a competitive acquisition in which two bids were received. This award brings the total cumulative value of the contract to $46,758,510. Fiscal 2021 operation and maintenance (Defense-wide) funds in the amount of $10,160,250 are being obligated at the time of this option award. The Defense Finance and Accounting Service, Contract Services Directorate, Columbus, Ohio, is the contracting activity (HQ0423-17-F-0096). DEFENSE ADVANCED RESEARCH PROJECTS AGENCY Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, Ohio, has been awarded a $9,472,919 cost-plus-fixed-fee contract for Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency's Rational Integrated Design of Energetics (RIDE) program. In Phase One, Battelle Memorial Institute proposes to develop a semi-automated system in order to provide an energetics formulation platform that addresses both powder-pressed and cast-cured formulations for explosives and propellants in support of the RIDE program. Work will be in Columbus, Ohio (25%); West Jefferson, Ohio (55%); and Centerbrook, Connecticut (20%), with an estimated completion date of March 2022. Fiscal 2020 and 2021 research, development, test and evaluation funds in the amount of $5,658,142 are being obligated at time of award. The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Arlington, Virginia, is the contracting activity (HR0011-21-C-0027). *Small business https://www.defense.gov/Newsroom/Contracts/Contract/Article/2443378/source/GovDelivery/
17 octobre 2023 | International, Naval
Huntsville, Ala., October 16, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- Lockheed Martin's (NYSE: LMT) Next Generation Interceptor (NGI) program executed its digital All Up Round (AUR) Preliminary Design Review (PDR), in partnership with...